Application of Batteries and PV Systems to Improve the Stability of the Power System

The stability of the power grid is affected by the large differences between the maximum and minimum loads during the day. To solve this problem, two methods are considered: the peak shaving method and the load balancing method. The instrument used to carry out these two methods is batteries. Therefore, an overview of the main battery types and their parameters is given. Among the main battery types, the secondary batteries are studied as they can be recharged several times. The types of secondary cells are lead-acid, lithium-ion, nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride and vanadium redox flow batteries. In order to increase the stability of the power grid, batteries are used to reduce peak loads, for load balancing and as a power reserve. Another finding is that the combination of batteries with PV systems enables a more cost-effective increase in the stability of the electricity grid.