Volatile organic compounds in the automotive industry: Sources of emissions and impact on workers’ health

The automotive industry, as one of the leading branches of modern industry, contributes significantly to air pollution with various chemical compounds, of which volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are particularly prominent. Due to their ability to evaporate at room temperature, as well as their chemical properties, volatile organic compounds can negatively affect the quality of air in workplaces and represent a potential health risk for workers. Exposure to VOCs can cause acute symptoms such as irritation and headaches, but also long-term health problems such as organ damage and an increased risk of cancer. Sources of volatile organic compounds in the automotive industry include painting, surface treatment, plastic processing, and cleaning and degreasing of metal parts, which cause volatile organic compounds to evaporate and quickly enter the working environment. Therefore, understanding the sources of VOCs and their impact on worker health is of great importance for improving occupational safety and reducing industrial air pollution. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the main sources of VOCs in the automotive industry and to analyze their potential impact on worker health and the working environment based on available scientific research and professional literature.