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The solvent in osmosis at constant volume is under negative pressure [1-4]. Negative pressure in solvent and osmotic pressure in solution are found as the function of the concentration of solute, geometry and elastic properties of the semipermeable membrane. It is known that the tensile state of the isolated solvent is not stable and cavitations turn it into stable state of coexisting gas and liquid. Using plausible arguments it is shown that this transition of the tensile solvent to coexisting phase can be reversible due to the elasticity of the semipermeable membrane. The reverse transition is diffusion and it is much slower that spontaneous direct transition. This mechanism is proposed as possible explanation of the embolism repair and refilling [5-7] in xylem-phloem system of land plants. References [1] Hirsch, H.R. “Gedanken Experiment”: Negative Solvent Pressure in Osmosis. J. Biol. Physics, 1980, 8, 11-13. [2] Freeman , R.D. Comment on Hirsch’s “Gedanken Experiment”: Negative Solvent Pressure in Osmosis. T J. Biol. Physics, 1981, 9, 47. [3] Hirsch, H.R. Further comments on Negative Solvent Pressure in Osmosis. J. Biol. Physics, 1983, 11, p. 26. [4] Scholander, P.F. The Role of Solvent Pressure in Osmotic Systems. Botany, 1966, 55, 1407-1414. [5] Zimmermann, U., Schneider, H., Wegner, L. H. and Haase, A. Water ascent in tall trees: does evolution of land plants rely on a highly metastable state? New Phytol., 2004, 162, 575-615. [6] Holbrook, N.M. and Zwieniecki, M.A. Embolism Repair and Xylem Tension: Do We Need a Miracle? 1999, Plant Physiology, 1999, 120, 7–10, [7 ] Zwieniecki, M.A. and Holbrook, N.M. Confronting Maxwell’s demon: biophysics of xylem embolism repair. Trends in Plant Science, 2009, 14, 530-534.
osmosis; negative pressure; cavitations; xylem-phloem; embolism repair
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