Sažetak
With the adoption of the AI Act, the European Union has established the first comprehensive
legal framework for regulating artificial intelligence (AI) across various sectors, including
higher education and scientific research. The aim of this legislative framework is
to ensure the safe and transparent application of AI technologies. However, its implementation
in the academic context introduces a range of legal, ethical, and regulatory challenges.
Notably, it raises issues related to copyright, intellectual property, and the patentability
of AI-generated innovations, as well as liability for inaccurate or fabricated information,
commonly referred to as AI hallucinations.AI tools have the potential to revolutionize
scientific research and education by enabling faster data analysis, task automation, and
content generation. However, the tendency of AI models to hallucinate—fabricating data,
references, and conclusions—poses a serious threat to the credibility of academic publications
and educational materials. At the same time, the legal ownership of AI-generated
content remains unclear: do such results belong to the researchers who used the tools, to
academic institutions, or do they remain without legal protection? Given the severity of
the subject and the fact that both authors work in higher education, this paper examines
the legal and academic implications of implementing artificial intelligence in higher education
and science, with a particular focus on legal regulation, intellectual property, and
liability for AI-generated information. It also explores the need to develop AI literacy within
the academic community to mitigate the risks of AI misuse and ensure ethically and
legally responsible use of AI. Based on the analysis of current regulations and legislative
initiatives, the paper proposes potential legal solutions and academic guidelines for the
effective integration of AI technologies into research and educational processes.
Ključne riječi
European Union higher education scientific research
