monografija (znanstvena)
Today, polymer products are used in various industries such as the transport industry, engineering, construction, medicine, dentistry, etc. Therefore, polymer materials are required to have properties that can compare with metal materials. This refers to the mechanical properties required for various applications in load-bearing structures, up to the improvement in compatibility with human tissue in medical applications. That is why polymer composites, which have an excellent ratio of strength and low mass, are increasingly being used. Whether fibers or particles are used as a reinforcement in thermoplastics, thermosets, and elastomers, it is necessary to establish their structure in the overall composite and how this affects their properties. When talking about classic fiber-reinforced polymer composites, hybridization (whether mixing with different types of fibers in the weave or in different layers) certainly plays a big role because better properties are achieved. In addition to classic composite materials with the addition of the roving of glass, carbon and aramid fiber and natural reinforcements (particles/fibers) are increasingly used as reinforcement/fillers in polymer matrices due to their ecofriendly nature, lightweight, lifecycle superiority, biodegradability, low cost, and sustainability. With these natural polymer composites we are facing numerous challenges regarding their development, applications, and inferior properties (quality of the fiber, thermal stability, water absorption capacity, and incompatibility with the polymer matrices) in comparison with classical composites reinforced with carbon, aramid, or glass fibers. However, for such materials to be used in industry, an important step is the production itself and how the processing parameters affect the composite products. In addition to the classic methods of processing composites regarding fibers (hand lay-up, vacuum bagging, filament winding, resin infusion, etc.), in recent years, this has also been achieved by additive manufacturing (AM), so-called 3D printing, and, for particles, by extrusion.
In this Special Issue, 13 papers were published, which include polymer composites with a matrix of thermoplastics, thermosets and elastomers reinforced with carbon fibers, boron nitride, and even natural fibers such as cellulose. Furthermore, it includes their production by classical procedures and additive manufacturing, as well as improvements and innovations in the field of recycling polymer composites. Accordingly, as Guest Editors, we would like to thank all the authors and reviewers who contributed to this Special Issue of Polymers. We also wish to express thanks to the Editor in Chief, the Section Managing Editor, and all the assistants who helped to finish this Special Issue.
polymer composites; structure; properties; processing
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