neobjavljeni prilog sa skupa
Consortium consisting of KONČAR – Power Plant and Electric Traction Engineering (KET) Inc. from Croatia
and ČKD Blansko Holding a.s. from the Czech Republic has contracted refurbishment of three hydro
power plants in Bulgaria. The power plants are in cascade on the northeast slope of Mountain Rila:
PSHPP Belmeken (5x75MW), HPP Sestrimo (2x120MW) and HPP Momina Klisura (2x60MW). The total
head of the cascade is from 1920 m a.s.l. to 251 m a.s.l. The paper describes the implementation and
model testing of the turbine control system in typical operating modes as part of the preparation for
commissioning of the refurbished control systems.
The Belmeken and Sestrimo hydropower plants are equipped with Pelton turbines with two and three
pairs of nozzles, respectively. HPP Momina Klisura is equipped with Francis turbines and penstock
discharge valves.
The turbine section of the rehabilitation project includes partial replacement of turbine equipment
(including new nozzles and deflectors for PSHPP Belmeken and HPP Sestrimo, with independent control
of individual deflectors), replacement of the hydraulic power units and hydraulic cylinders for needle,
deflector and guide vane control, control cabinets, power cabinets and measuring equipment. In
addition to the turbine equipment, the project also includes the replacement of the plant control and
monitoring systems and excitation systems for all units, and new spherical valves in HPP Momina Klisura.
Works are being performed in three phases, with four units planned for the first phase (two on PSHPP
Belmeken, one in HPP Sestrimo and one in HPP Momina Klisura). The equipment for phase 1 has passed
factory testing and is installed on site and waiting commissioning.
Considering the complexity and scope of the project and the tight deadlines, great emphasis was placed
on the factory testing and preparation for commissioning. To ensure the quality and robustness of the
control equipment, mathematical models were developed for all relevant processes of the power plant.
The models describe the dynamic behavior of the water intake, turbine and generator, and parts of the
plant control system. Simulation with multiple units in parallel operation is also possible. The models
form the basis for the implementation of the plant emulator. The turbine governor cabinets with the
control software were tested on the plant emulator in a HIL (Hardware-in-the-Loop) configuration. The
implementation of individual parts of the emulator and the interface between the emulator and the
turbine governor are described.
The turbine governors are implemented on the programmable controllers of the Siemens SIMATIC S7-
1500 series.. Hydro power plants models are developed in Končar KET using Matlab/Simulink platform.
The plant emulators are implemented on a MicroDAQ board for HIL testing and plant emulation.
The performance and characteristics of the turbine control systems have been tested in the sequences of
startup, shutdown, grid and isolated operation. The models and emulators were used to adjust the
controller parameters, test the proper sequence operation and mode changes, as well as to test the
protection functions. The change in the number of operating nozzles and the impact of deflectors on the
control algorithms were further analyzed for the units with Pelton turbines. At HPP Momina Klisura, tests
included the operation and control of penstock discharge valve during load rejection, Emergency shut
down (EMS) and Quick shut down mechanical or electrical (QSD-M, QSD-E).
The factory testing proved the performance and reliability of the turbine governing systems and the
implemented safety functions, while also ensuring quality of the future works in the commissioning
phase.
hydro power plant, turbine governor, refurbisment, system modelling
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