sažetak izlaganja sa skupa
Modern identification and travel documents, such as identity cards, driver’s licenses, residence permits, and passports are made entirely or partially of
polycarbonate. European Union regulations stipulate that security documents issued by Member States in card format (ID-1) should be made of
polycarbonate (PC) or an equivalent synthetic polymer (which can last at least ten years). Security documents made of polycarbonate are well secured
because, due to their very good characteristics, it is possible to incorporate various modern fraud-resistant security features. Due to the wide range of
temperature resistance, polycarbonate documents can be individualized by laser engraving, which is considered one of the most reliable ways of
integrating the owner’s data and image into the body of the cards.
Until recently, various printing techniques, such as thermal, laser, or inkjet printing, have been used for the individualization of counterfeit travel and
identity documents made of polymers. However, in recent times, a new form of forgery of documents made of polymers has appeared on which the
bearer’s photo and data are laser-engraved, as is the case with legally issued documents made of polycarbonate.
In the present study, more than 50 samples of different types of counterfeit European Union MS documents made of polymer were analyzed (identity
cards, driver’s licenses, residence permits), using non-destructive methods. IR-spectroscopy was used for the analysis of the qualitative chemical
composition of the polymer of counterfeit documents. The obtained IR-spectra were compared with the IR-spectra available in the European Network
Forensic Science Institute database (ENFSI/EPG) and in the internal databases, while the search was performed using “KnowItAll” software. Videospectral and stereomicroscopic analysis were used for the determination of techniques used for the individualization process on counterfeit documents.
This study will show that the technique used to individualize polymers counterfeit documents in card format depends on the type of polymers. As most
of laser engraved polymer counterfeit documents have imitated security features of very good quality, it is necessary to be careful during the
examination of such documents, especially at the first line of border control, and bear in mind that the personalization of a polymer document by laser
engraving does not mean that it is legally issued.
Counterfeit Documents; Polymers; IR Spectroscopy
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